Drying Technology of Lentinus edodes

Lentinus edodes is a world-renowned valuable edible fungus and a traditional export commodity in China. Lentinus edodes, with its unique fragrance, rich nutrition and tender and smooth meat, is one of the ingredients commonly used in Chinese and foreign famous dishes and is known as the king of dishes. At the same time, Lentinus edodes is also a well-known medicinal fungus, which has high medicinal value such as invigorating qi, not hungry, activating wind and breaking blood. Modern medicine has proved that long-term consumption of Lentinus edodes can enhance physical fitness, soften blood vessels, reduce cholesterol, and have anti-cancer and anti-cancer effects. For the initial processing of mushroom products, the vast majority of mushroom farmers and small processing units adopt extensive traditional processing methods, namely simple drying and kiln drying, and then directly enter the market for sale. The products processed in this way are neither competitive in the market nor waste a good raw material of Lentinus edodes. After China's entry into WTO, the quality requirements of products in the international market are getting higher and higher. In order to make mushroom products go abroad and be competitive in the foreign market, it is necessary to actively adopt advanced processing technology and production equipment, establish a set of scientific quality control methods and operation norms, and improve the processing quality of products.

Drying room

(1) Put the dried mushroom into the drying room, then put it on the grill and send it to the drying room for baking. Large and thick layers with high water content should be placed in the upper layer, while small and thin layers with low water content should be placed in the lower layer.

(2) When the temperature of the drying chamber is controlled to 35 ~C, the mushroom can be dried in the chamber. Two wet-bulb thermometers should be hung near the window. Drying must be done at a low temperature and then gradually elevated. Lentinus edodes should be baked continuously after being put into the drying room until it is dried, heating can not be interrupted, and the temperature can not be changed from high to low, otherwise the color of Lentinus edodes will turn black and the quality will decline.

(3) In the drying process of Lentinus edodes, in addition to strictly controlling the heating temperature, timely moisture drainage is also an important link. The upper part of the drying room must be provided with a drainage hole. If the surrounding environment is not conducive to tidal discharge, the fan should be installed, and the outlet should be directly outdoors.

(4) Ventilation In order to adjust the indoor temperature and ensure the hot air circulation in the drying room, it is necessary to ventilate indoors at any time. Therefore, the lower part of the drying chamber should be equipped with two ventilation holes of 20 cm x 20 cm. If the air supply is not smooth, the blower should be installed. The air sent to the drying room should be purified first.

(5) During the quality test, press the finger on the junction of the cap and the stalk. If there are only traces, it shows that the drying is qualified. If the hand feels soft and the folds are also soft, the drying still needs to be continued. Qualified dried products are characterized by: special aroma of Lentinus edodes; yellow pleats, erect pleats, intact pleats, inverted; water content of mushroom body is not more than 13%; Lentinus edodes retains its original shape, flat lid, and natural color.

Heat pump dryer is a new type of energy-saving dryer with high efficiency. Its working principle is to use a small amount of electric energy according to the principle of reverse Carnot cycle and compressor to evaporate working substance into gas in evaporator after passing through expansion valve, and absorb a large amount of heat energy in air. The working substance of gas is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas by compressor, and then heat is released into condenser. The drying medium can be heated to 40 ~110 ~C by continuous cyclic heating. Compared with the electric heating dryer, it saves two-thirds of the electricity.